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SFP Transceivers: A Must Read
A compact, hot-pluggable optical transceiver, the Small Form-Factor pluggable (SFP) transceiver is used in optical communications for both data communications applications. The interface between a network device mother board and a copper cable or fiber optic network cable is the SFP.
The Small Form-Factor transceiver is able to support Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel, SONET, and quite a lot of other communications standards. In the near future, SFP is going to expand to SFP+ FYI. Data rate at 10 Gbit/s will be possible, including 8 Gigabit Fiber Channel during that time. Compared to Xenpac or XFP type of modules which have all of their circuitry inside, an SFP+ module leaves some of its circuitry to be implemented on the host board.
The SFP transceiver has a great variety, each with different transmitter or receivers available. This allows the user to configure and customize the transceiver to get the proper optical reach with either a multi-node fiber or single-node fiber type. In addition, the optical SFP module comes in four categories - SX, which is 850nm, LX, which is 1310nm, ZX, which 1550nm and DWDM. All of them have an interface of a copper cable which permits a host device to communicate via USTP (unshielded twisted-pair) network cable. CWDM and single-node bi-directional fiber optic cables are also available; these fiber optic cables are 1310/1490nm upstream and downstream.
Practically available, the SFP transceiver has the capability transfer rates of up to 4.25 Gbit/s. XFP, a form factor which is virtually similar to the SFP type, raises this amount by nearly three times, at 10 Gbit/s. The SFP transceiver is specified and made compatible via a multi-source agreement (MSA) between manufacturers, so that different users who may use equipment from different manufacturers and providers can work effectively and smoothly without worrying about errors and inconveniences.
The GBIC interface is the precursor to the SFP, and so it's nicknamed as mini-GBIC. On the other hand, the SFP allows greater port density (number of transceivers per inch along the edge of a mother board) than the GBIC. There is also the related Small Form-Factor (SFF) transceiver which is about the same size as the SFP. Instead of being mounted into an edge-card socket, it is directly mounted to the mother board as a pin through-hole device.
The modern optical SFP transceiver supports digital optical monitoring (DOM) or digital diagnostics monitoring (DDM) functions according according to the industry standard of the SFF-8472 MSA. Owing to this feature, the user has the ability to constantly monitor real-time parameters of the SFP, like optical input/outp power, supply voltage and laser bias current.
Those being said, it's good to know that the SFP transceiver is a very popular format that is recommended by quite a number of fiber optic component providers. These companies carry SFP transceivers for all Cisco devices together with transceiver modules for many other manufacturers. Therefore, you now know what to look for if you need technology solutions for your networking applications.
Fiber Optic Transmitter & Receiver
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